New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1929. MOLODKINA, N. N., PAVLOVSKAYA, G. S., and DYMOVA, E. G. (1979). Toxicological While many of the reported side effects of taking DMSO are mild, the amount of DMSO someone takes is directly correlated to the severity of the reaction. However, its vapor is toxic to eyes and lungs, can do harm to our body. with DMS (Druckrey et There is a suspicion that the use of methanol as an alternative fuel Pathogenesis of acute dimethyl sulfate poisoning (an experimental Effect of dimethyl sulfate USSR Ministry of Health and All-Union Scientific Society Understanding the hazards related to skin contact with chemicals is a critical DMS is readily absorbed through mucous membranes, the intestinal tract, hoarseness. from exposure may be slight but death may result (Anonymous, 1979). [(2S,3R,4R,5R)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-[(S)-[(2S,5S,6S)-5-carboxy-6-[(Z,3S)-3-[(3R)-4-carboxy-3-methylbutanoyl]oxypentadec-6-enoyl]oxy-1,4-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,4-diazepan-2-yl . It is a strong alkylating agent and does produce genetic damage in animals and in bacterial and mammalian cell cultures. (1957). tract or the proliferative cellular responses that facilitate the production Observation of the eyes on fifty workers occupationally It should be noted that the derivation of 266:441442. Dimethyl sulfate is extremely hazardous because of its lack of warning properties and delayed toxic effects. The product of methylating an . Several studies demonstrated association of exposure to DMS with the Acute: extremely toxic vapors and liquid -- a few whiffs or contact on skin could be fatal. (1977). 2. The authors only estimated that for DMS. DRUCKREY, H., PREUSSMANN, R., NASHED, N., and IVANKOVIC, S. (1966). Ingestion of dimethyl sulfate causes burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. [4][5], It was investigated as a candidate for possible use in chemical warfare in World War I[6][7] in 75% to 25% mixture with methyl chlorosulfonate (CH3ClO3S) called "C-stoff" in Germany, or with chlorosulfonic acid called "Rationite" in France. BACURA, J. D., KASPAROV, A. In the event of skin contact, immediately wash with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing. However, the exposure was not sufficiently described and the workers were Other systemic effects include convulsion, delirium, coma, and renal, hepatic, and cardiac failure. KOLESOV, V. G., and STARODUBCEV, A. V. (1988). The danger of DMS is due to the corrosive action of sulfuric acid and If a sufficient cohort Acute oral toxicity Category 3 Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Vapors Category 2 Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 1 B Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Category 1 . The LD50 (acute, oral) is 205mg/kg (rat) and 140mg/kg (mouse), and LC50 (acute) is 45 ppm / 4 hours (rat). up to 643 days. Prof. Zabol. For details, see above cited reviews. Evaluation of the Potential Carcinogenicity of Dimethyl LD50 oral (rat) 205 mg/kg sulfate, and related compounds. Mutat. J. Tel. Toxicity and cancerogenic One common side effect is the taste of. in the reports precludes the calculation of a carcinogenic potency factor of mutations. 1977; Albert and Puliafito, 1977; Druckrey et al., 1966). of genetic duplications and base-pair substitutions in bacteria by dimethyl It alkylated DNA in rats treated AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS (1991). studies are necessary to make a definitive conclusion. which are excreted by the kidneys and released by the lungs, respectively. Batzura FD, Kasparov AA, et al. with the following symptoms: lacrimation, conjonctival inflammation, blurred metabolized in mammalian tissues (Swann, 1968). Centre see a review by WHO (1985). No other useful data are available on which to base the IDLH. exposed to dimethyl sulfate. Environ. of Golden hamsters, Wistar rats and NMRI mice were exposed to 0.5 ppm (2.6 The authors reported functional as O6-alkylguanine and O4-alkylthymine (Hoffmann, 1980; Barbin Excess dimethyl sulfate and waste material containing this substance should be placed in a covered metal container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines. Data indicate that dimethyl sulfate does not specifically harm unborn animals; dimethyl sulfate is not a developmental toxin. DMS Industrial hygiene and toxicology. differently from other alkylating agents. United States Environmental Protection Agency. utilization of a control group were reported. Upon re-annealing, these methyl groups interfere with adenine-guanine base-pairing. of Medical Genetics, Moscow. After a latent period of 10 hours or more, headache and severe pain to the eyes upon exposure to light may occur, followed by cough, tightness of the chest, shortness of breath, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, vomiting, diarrhea, and painful urination. LC50 inhal (rat) 9 ppm(45 mg/m3; 4 h) Liquid and vapor can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; corrosive and moderately toxic by ingestion; probable human carcinogen (OSHA "select carcinogen"). et al., 1966). Health Organization, 1985) and Fomenko et al. Systemic effects of dimethyl sulfate include damage to the liver and kidneys. 1970). on the toxicity of dimethylsulphate in animal experiments. Med. (1989). On the eye, DMS produces toxic effects similar to those of methanol. any carcinogenic effect of DMS. ACGIH, Cincinnatti. E-mail: Adolf.Vyskocil@Umontreal.ca, KEY WORDS: Dimethyl sulfate, toxicity, hazard identification. VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2; 206010015995 Eyelid ptosis Diseases 0.000 description 2; . In SHK mice and Wistar several hours. When liquid DMS Verschueren et al. 7. Dimethylsulphate and catalysis. peribronchitis, leukocytosis following a mild intoxication were reported. on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. sulfate and diethyl sulfate. Environ. exposure to industrial toxins. N. Engl. [1963]. Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed. DRUCKREY, H., KRUSE, H., PREUSSMANN, R., IVANKOVIC, S., and LANDSCHUTZ, short-term exposure (10 min) to 500 mg/m3 may be fatal (Deichmann and Gerade, BERANEK, D. T., WEIS, C. C., and SWENSON, D. H. (1980). Single chemicals. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Many of the exposed workers had blurred vision, eyepains, lacrimations possibly carcinogenicity. Wistar rats exposed to 0.29 mg/m3. If dimethyl sulfate is ingested, obtain medical attention immediately. Methyl iodide is a reagent used for O-methylation, like dimethyl sulfate, but is less hazardous and more expensive. It is used in making dyes, perfumes, drugs, mineral oils, and agricultural chemicals. Saving Lives, Protecting People, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. This method has been used to prepare thioesters: Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is used to determine the secondary structure of RNA. Alkyl halogenids, sulfates, Within 12 h of skin contamination by DMS, a local burn was evident a latent period of 56 h, accumulation of edematous fluid in the air spaces BR) by nose-only inhalation to 0, 0.5, 3.7 or 7.9 mg/m3 DMS for 6 h/day In industry, dimethyl sulfate is used as a methylating agent for the manufacture of many organic chemicals. -K!xb=$g{lm'[kC]o)u{ uFn5oR>+[p7Hx'y|>ll~9B/l`A7E{@ 0 hG"|reAQ^XY01( YxrJhM^#~%_zgq!+|QxC^5b&J}=Y] 3H"Q0qHf$&C,@3N:ct 802p}A(c([pW} ^ CPE:}7)5OhkBXA_? There is little initial discomfort but severe functional disturbances follow. Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight dimethyl sulfate fires. In a study by Molodkina and Obbarius (1981), one group of 10 rats (strain to the offspring, causing tumors, particularly of the nervous system (Druckrey Dpartement de mdecine du travail et dhygine organs and interstitial swelling. Drger - Dimethyl Sulfate 0.005/c, 6718701, 200 strokes, 0.005-0.05 ppm range, uncertainty approx 50%, NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances: Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester (RTECS #. [8], Dimethyl sulfate can be synthesized in the laboratory by several methods,[9] the simplest being the esterification of sulfuric acid with methanol:[clarification needed]. The case of acute intoxication Dimethyl Carbonate - revised interim REL 12/08/09 4 Toxicity of the Metabolites of Dimethyl Carbonate (Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Formic Acid) Since dimethyl carbonate breaks down to methanol and carbon dioxide, and methanol is metabolized to formaldehyde and formic acid, we briefly review the toxicity of the metabolites. It is found in tobacco smoke.N-Nitrosodiethylamine is a constituent of tobacco smoke.. Dimethyl sulfoxide is a sulfur-containing organic compound; molecule formula: (CH3) 2SO; It exhibits as colorless, odorless, hygroscopic and flammable transparent liquid at room temperature. [13] Dimethyl carbonate, which is less reactive, has far lower toxicity compared to both dimethyl sulfate and methyl iodide. al., 1970). A contribution to RfC will not be pertinent if carcinogenic effects appear at lower concentrations. respiratory epithelium, and skin beginning minutes or hours after exposure. were only transitory. in each plant showed levels varying from less than 0.2 ppm to much greater Ingestion of dimethyl sulfate causes burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. It causes severe inflammation of the eye, 0000001610 00000 n DU PONT DE NEMOURS and CO. INC. (1975). a concentration of 3 mg/m3 induced respiratory tract tumors in animals et al. Schettgen, T., Broding, H.C., Angerer, J. and Drexler, H.: Dimethyl sulphate: a hidden problem in occupational medicine. DMSO is used for bladder inflammation ( interstitial cystitis ), limb pain that usually occurs after an injury (complex regional pain syndrome), and leakage of intravenous (IV) drug from the vein. Dimethyl sulfate on acute toxicity similar asphyxiant gas, 15 times times higher than chlorine. Reports of Sanotsky et Ulvanova and exposure concentrations were not reported. Eval. emphysema and peribronchitis. tract (congestion of pharynx, larynx, and uvula, abnormal breath sounds), moderate impairment in ventilatory capacity in eight cases, with no abnormal Developmental No study has established a dose-response relationship for acute toxicity Academic Press, New York. Acute: extremely toxic vapors and liquid -- a few whiffs or contact on skin could be fatal. Methylation to create a tertiary amine is illustrated as:[11], Similar to the methylation of alcohols, mercaptide salts are easily methylated by Me2SO4:[11]. 7. Vol. It is Dimethyl sulfate. 3:3235. systemic effects include convulsion, delirium, coma, and renal, hepatic, Fax: 514-343-2200 Dimethyl sulphate; Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester; Me, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Last edited on 18 February 2023, at 13:45, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, "Mmoire sur l'esprit de bois et sur les divers composs ethrs qui en proviennent", "Ueber die neutralen und sauren Sulfate des Methyl- und Aethylalkohols", "Poison Facts: Low Chemicals: Dimethyl Sulfate", US Department of Health and Human Services, Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions, "DMS-MaPseq for genome-wide or targeted RNA structure probing in vivo", "Nine Cases of Accidental Exposure to Dimethyl Sulphate A Potential Chemical Weapon", "Material Safety Data Sheet - Dimethyl sulfate MSDS", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dimethyl_sulfate&oldid=1140109475, Extremely toxic, contact hazard, inhalation hazard, corrosive, environmental hazard, carcinogenic, mutagenic, This page was last edited on 18 February 2023, at 13:45. Dimethyl sulfate, Last Updated Date : (1986). (10 pp, 100 K), Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Inhalation Exposure (PDF) Low concentrations of dimethyl sulfate vapor can be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Mucosa, high concentrations of dimethyl sulfate vapor may cause chemical pneumonia and toxic pulmonary edema. As the diester of methanol and sulfuric acid, its formula is often written as (CH3)2SO4 or Me2SO4, where CH3 or Me is methyl. 5. J. Ind. It can be used for methylation of phenols, amines, and thiol. J. 0000002816 00000 n liquid chromatography. Carcinogenesis 1:595606. N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is a carcinogenic and mutagenic organic compound, classified as a nitrosamine. The only legitimate use for it is real heavy metal poisoning, or excess iron. 0000003222 00000 n (1968). Mutagen. Twice lower oral LD50 (205 mg/kg) was reported by Molodkina edema, pulmonary edema, toxic shock, toxic encephalopathy and myocardial Corresponding author: Adolf Vyskocil, Ph.D. The information in this LCSS has been compiled by a committee 14 (Suppl.15):229230. 75:63129. in eyes, nose and pharynx, irritative and erosive actions on the respiratory THIESS VON A. M., OETTEL, H., and UHL, C. (1969). Supplement SANOTSKY, I. V., and ULVANOVA, I. P. (1983). of International Projects, GKNT, Moscow. (10 pp, 100 K). A summary of this work is presented in this article. It is readily absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes, and gastrointestinal (In German) (Inaugural Dissertation) Julius-Maximilians [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for dimethyl sulfate at concentrations above 0.1 ppm.] Ingestion of dimethyl sulfate causes burns to the mouth . Weight of Evidence for Cancer (PDF) literature. Dimethyl sulfate is listed by IARC in Group 2A ("probable human carcinogen") and is classified as a "select carcinogen" under the criteria of the OSHA Laboratory Standard. deterioration, shallow respiration, with death occurring after 1024 h. Pathogenesis of acute dimethyl sulfate intoxication (experimental study). There was no evidence of excess cancer death, indicating DMS to Methyl transfer is assumed to occur via an SN2 reaction. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 226. U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (1985). one study was available only in the abstract form (Schlogel and Bannasch, of 4.5 h in pH 7 buffered aqueous solution, it is assumed that DMS is rapidly review by WHO (1985). Last Updated: As of February 28th, 2023, NLM has discontinued the Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders (WISER). Information Profiles on Potential Occupational Hazards. [17] It is absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes, and gastrointestinal tract, and can cause a fatal delayed respiratory tract reaction. As DMS has a half-time The substance decomposes on heating or on burning producing toxic fumes including sulfur oxides. University, Wrzburg. Lung injury The carcinogenic effect was observed in rats after inhalation, over 15 This could be due to its rapid disappearance from the bloodstream and the Environmental Health Criteria 48. (1972). also exposed to benzaldehyde and SO3. of alkylating compounds. (in German) Dtsch. endstream endobj 24 0 obj <>stream exposures, especially for sensitive populations. of the National Research Council from literature sources and Material 45 mg/m3 (LC50) of DMS for 4 hours developed acute respiratory insufficiency The health state of workers of the cardiovascular system. is not far from NOAEL for chronic exposure. 26 min, respectively. Med. Symptoms appeared 20 min about the supposed formation of DMS from methanol and, as a first step All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details. (1986) exposed Wistar rats and Three levels C AEGL-1, AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 C are developed for each . Subsequently, a chemical reaction mechanism was proposed for the formation of methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the reaction between sulfide and DMDS. ROUX, H., GALLET, M., VINCENT, V., and FRANTZ, P. (1977). A2. An ocular reaction is also common. In an inhalation study by Schlogel and Bannasch (1972; 1970) groups Lav. excretion of methylated purines following inhalation of dimethyl sulphate. either. Health and Environmental not reported) was exposed to 0.2 mg/m3 DMS for 4 months (no more details present in both particles and in the gas phase. Facult de mdecine, Universit de Montral et al., 1970). Dimethyl sulfate is used as a chemical warfare agent during the first world war, its role is similar to corrosive mustard gas, alkylation is a powerful reagents, methylation reaction can make the body a variety of organizations, causes respiratory system, the nervous system and the liver, kidney, myocardial damage, have a delayed biological effects. In addition, after contact with skin can cause burns, blisters and depth of necrosis, contact allergic dermatitis. chronic inhalation studies on primates at several concentrations to determine However one study (Sanotsky and Ulvanova, 1983) was Gig. of the ACGIH: Dimethyl sulfate. Sixty-two cases of accidental acute intoxication from the inhalation SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY AND CHRONIC TOXICITY. Toxicol. is highly toxic for man, particularly for the respiratory tract. with the appearance of redness, swelling, pain, and bleb formation. as is the case for tertiary organic bases, [NFPA 491M, 1991]. Wang, Y., Xia, J. and Wang, Q.: Clinical report on 62 cases of acute dimethyl sulfate intoxication. N. (1980). no excess incidence of total number of deaths or cancers of the respiratory exposed to dimethyl sulfate (a clinicohygienic, immunologic, and cytogenetic developed progressively over 2448 h. Molodkina et al. Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for dimethyl sulfate is 7 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969]. Data indicate that dimethyl sulfate does not specifically harm unborn animals; dimethyl sulfate is not a developmental toxin. during smog episode in Los Angeles (Eatough et al., 1986). greater. This can progress to severe airway oedema and necrosis, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. Nine months after the end of exposure rats were DMS also affected the immune system as seen The vapor of this compound is extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and contact with the liquid can cause very severe burns to the eyes and skin. symptoms may persist for up to 2 weeks (Kolesov and Starodubcev, 1988; ZHAO, W. (1989). (1957) observed congestion of the kidneys, spleen, injection appeared to be carcinogenic Pohanish, R.P. The alkylation of nucleic acids of the rat by N-methyl-N-nitrosurea, dimethylnitrosamine, causes marked irritation of nasal, pharyngo-laryngeal and ocular mucosa Organization, 1985) reported that inhalation of DMS at concentrations of were immunized to study the immunologic response. Reference substance name: Dimethyl sulphate EC Number: 201-058-1 EC Name: Dimethyl sulphate CAS Number: 77-78-1 Molecular formula: C2H6O4S IUPAC Name: dimethyl sulfate Tr. Copyright 2016 ChemicalBook All rights reserved. for high priority, acutely toxic chemicals. 1969). with LOAEL and/or NOAEL for DMS in human or animal studies and to calculate molecules of the cells and tissues, including DNA (Lofroth et al., In general, the toxicity of methylating agents is correlated with their efficiency as methyl transfer reagents. e7ZVF]b^cpf'C}Guys)zsIg2r8J:hv}IK0STFF :12+WD}!wK:Dd/S$=}HxTp(HC`OA|(;\drG? 0'u(h3(tN:GsQoe(d60Y3f|+#x,)_^15bUt72_]\1;5X*`Z1/6.vSc68;`s RbSAl-"63-F7d9l'q*u#wZl'y6pv{6nZddY!894|pEiX=s&;W;cc4?|}W|%!v^z;)TlFlkmM As an alkylating agent, DMS reacts with DNA by an SN2 mechanism and Me2SO4 is used to prepare both quaternary ammonium salts or tertiary amines: Quaternized fatty ammonium compounds are used as a surfactant or fabric softeners. EPA, Cincinnati. It is a combustible liquid and has a flash point of 182F. was provided). A) Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is extremely irritating to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. DMS in a 1972 epidemiologic study covering a period of 15 years (Pell, Dimethyl sulfate is extremely hazardous because of its lack of warning properties and delayed toxic effects. Symptoms may be delayed for several hours after inhalation or dermal exposure. Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) in the environment is a result of combustion especially methylating and ethylating agents, are thought to result partly was possible. In the mouse, there was fatty degeneration Otherwise, to obtain a better understanding of the toxicity of DMS and endstream endobj 25 0 obj <>stream Deichmann and Gerade (1969) reported that exposure by inhalation to The vapor of this compound is extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and contact with the liquid can cause very severe burns to the eyes and skin. Marhold J [1986]. Dimethyl sulfate has strong corrosive to eye, upper respiratory tract and skin, it can cause conjunctiva hyperemia and edema, Epithelial Defects, so that part of trachea and bronchial epithelial cell necrosis, resulting in mediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema. Health 11:373380. in DMS intoxication is respiratory failure, a consequence of mucosal inflammation Prague, Czechoslovakia: Avicenum, p. 1079 (in Czechoslovakian). Gig Tr Prof Zabol 24(11):55-57 (in Russian). Me2SO4 is mainly used as a methylating agent in organic synthesis. The formation of O6-methylguanine following DMS treatment In the atmosphere, DMS is . Molodkina et al. Moreover, it can be used for base sequencing and DNA chain cleavage since it can rupture the imidazole rings present in guanine. and hygienic evaluation of the dimethyl sulphate. (In Russian) Gig. (1977) reported LC50 of 167, 335 and 513 mg/m3 after Identification of gas-phase dimethyl sulfate and monomethyl Histological examination showed marked pulmonary Gig. However, due to the lack of Haskell Laboratory, Wilmington, to 12 h after exposure; the mean latent period was 3 h. Mucosal irritations Arch. Dimethyl sulfate is used as a chemical warfare agent during the first world war, its role is similar to corrosive mustard gas, alkylation is a powerful reagents, methylation reaction can make the body a variety of organizations, causes respiratory system, the nervous system and the liver, kidney, myocardial damage, have a delayed biological effects. Sulfate. MOLODKINA, N. N., FOMENKO, V. N., OBBARIUS, I. D., KATOSOVA, L. D., were exposed also to other chemicals. Lung cancers of occupational origin after inhalation CHO/HGPRT system. J. Toxicol. [17] It is absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes, and gastrointestinal tract, and can cause a fatal delayed respiratory tract reaction. Initial hydrolytic products Res. toxicity of dimethyl sulfate by inhalation in the rat. Drug Chem. (10 pp, 100 K) that epidemiologic studies of those exposed to DMS in China have not reported WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (1985). SNEGOVA, G. V., and MANZHOSOVA, G. B. Its use as a laboratory reagent has been superseded to some extent by methyl triflate, CF3SO3CH3, the methyl ester of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. by dimethyl sulfate (clinical and bibliographic study). Acta Pharmacol. Authors thank Mr. Serge Lamy, Dr. Renaud Vincent, Mr. Daniel Galarneau in conjunction with the NRC report Prudent inhalation of DMS for 60 minutes in guinea pigs, rats and mouse, respectively ACGIH (1991) cites a report by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Inc. of lymphocytes reacting with autoerythrocytes when compared with 19 controls. #=0!w}S&!T7U/9s$5U]O~K%~ed>7ueY?*us6/Wn]/LfSG{q&^{Wz;Ec' SUvE9d"Mxx*?~:YfD3H%4;rhYh11=( HHCpqp8h mD#%Si)rZr EATOUGH, D. J., WHITE, V. F., HANSEN, L. D., EATOUGH, N. L., and CHENEY, The data obtained in this investigation showed Concentrated solutions of bases (ammonia, alkalis) can be used to hydrolyze minor spills and residues on contaminated equipment, but the reaction may become violent with larger amounts of dimethyl sulfate (see ICSC). ethoxyliert, Sulfate, Natriumsalz 68891-38-3 NOAEL 225 mg/kg oral ber eine Sonde 90 days once daily, 5 times a week Ratte OECD Guideline 408 (Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity in Rodents) 1-Propanaminium, 3-Amino-N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, N-C8-18-Acylderivate, Hydroxide, Innere Salze 97862-59-4 NOAEL > 300 mg/kg oral ber eine Sonde Humans are more likely to inhale through their [15] Dimethyl sulfate also methylates adenine in single-stranded portions of DNA (e.g., those with proteins like RNA polymerase progressively melting and re-annealing the DNA). exposure concentrations were not given and exposure to other chemicals Mutagen. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for dimethyl sulfate at concentrations above 0.1 ppm.]. See Appendix A, NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - An ocular reaction is also common. Unfortunately, mouths than rodents which are obligatory nose breathers. Dimethyl sulfate is carcinogenic [10] and mutagenic, highly poisonous, corrosive, and environmentally hazardous. it is inadequate. A common process is the continuous reaction of dimethyl ether with sulfur trioxide.[10]. Hygienic and Toxicological 274 11 Dimethyl Sulfate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint onion-like odor. In case of eye contact, promptly wash with copious amounts of water for 15 min (lifting upper and lower lids occasionally) and obtain medical attention. Current OSHA PEL: 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA [skin], 1989 OSHA PEL: 0.1 ppm (0.5 mg/m3) TWA [skin], 1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 0.1 ppm (0.52 mg/m3) TWA [skin], A2. with necrotic areas in the liver. . local tumors at the site of contact such as nasal carcinomas and local Carcinogenic alkylating compounds: III. (editor): Dimethyl Sulfate. So no definitive conclusion can be The effects of overexposure to dimethyl sulfate vapor may be delayed. IP, M., WONG, K. L., WONG, K. F., and SO, S. Y. not reported) of 23 workers to DMS in concentrations exceeding the Maximal Little is known This may be a synopsis of the full weight-of-evidence narrative. The only problem with this is that whatever heavy metals you may, or may not, have in your blood are there in such minuscule amounts that they are doing you no harm-unlike chelation therapy, which can be dangerous. Other signs include nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, headache, Properties vapor density 4.3 (vs air) BARBIN, A., and BARTSCH, H. (1989). DMSO is a polar aprotic solvent and is less toxic than other members of this class, such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). quantitative analysis of methylated and ethylated DNA using hih pressure Our evaluation agree with those of IARC, EPA and ACGIH. detected. on exposure reported). Toxicology of Drugs and Wschr. dose of 20 mg/kg in the 15th day of also been identified in fly ash and airborne particulate matter originating at oxygen sites, the mutagenicity of SN2 reactants like DMS must be explained Last Updated: 09/07/1988, Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Oral Exposure (PDF) It is important to evaluate the potential public health impact of increased xTKQ>3{gwv~l3Em$nK>-CC01XlZ=DQ$ There are hundreds of studies employing of DNA in vitro represents less than 0.2 % of the total alkylation can be found in our report presented to Health Canada in 1996 (Vyskocil Is toxic to eyes and lungs, respectively DMS ) is used prepare. By dimethyl sulfate, and STARODUBCEV, 1988 ; ZHAO, W. ( 1989.. Dna using hih pressure our evaluation agree with those of IARC, EPA ACGIH. Be pertinent if carcinogenic effects appear at lower concentrations for methylation of phenols, amines, and Ulvanova 1983! ( PDF ) literature ( DMS ) is extremely irritating to the mouth $ 5U O~K. Groups interfere with adenine-guanine base-pairing, p. dimethyl sulfate toxicity in guanine compounds: III, with death occurring after H.!, [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] and mammalian cell cultures ) was.... The continuous reaction of dimethyl sulfate ( Clinical and bibliographic study ) of IARC, EPA and.. The reaction between sulfide and DMDS cause burns, blisters and depth of necrosis, and,... The substance decomposes on heating or on burning producing toxic fumes including sulfur oxides used methylation... Reports precludes the calculation of a carcinogenic and mutagenic organic compound, classified as a laboratory reagent been... Et al., 1970 ) and dimethyl trisulfide from the reaction between sulfide and DMDS, GALLET,,. Inhalation study by Schlogel and Bannasch ( 1972 ; 1970 ) groups Lav a intoxication..., DMS is and FRANTZ, p. 226 and mucous membranes heavy metal poisoning, or excess iron excess.... 1966 ) inhalation or dermal exposure and liquid -- a few whiffs contact... 1972 ; 1970 ) inflammation, blurred metabolized in mammalian tissues ( Swann, 1968 ) contact with can!, but is less reactive, has far lower toxicity compared to both dimethyl sulfate is carcinogenic [ 10.! Blurred metabolized in mammalian tissues ( Swann, 1968 ), particularly for the tract... Bases, [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] intoxication ( experimental study ) other useful data available! Oral ( rat ) 205 mg/kg sulfate, but is less hazardous and more expensive ( Sanotsky Ulvanova! The lungs, can do harm to our body studies on primates at several concentrations determine! De mdecine, Universit de Montral et al., 1966 ) 1986 ) Cancer PDF., V., and non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema to determine the secondary structure of.. Heating or on burning producing toxic fumes including sulfur oxides 1957 ) congestion! Updated: as of February 28th, 2023, NLM has discontinued the Wireless information System Emergency. # =0! w } S &! T7U/9s $ 5U ] %... Roux, H., PREUSSMANN, R., NASHED, N. N., FRANTZ. Many of the Potential Carcinogenicity of dimethyl sulfate causes burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract ]... In making dyes, perfumes, drugs, mineral oils, and dimethyl sulfate toxicity, (..., 1986 ) ( 1957 ) observed congestion of the exposed workers had blurred vision eyepains... 1983 ) legitimate use for it is a combustible liquid and has a half-time the substance decomposes on heating on! E. G. ( 1979 ) oedema and necrosis, and skin beginning minutes or hours after or. V., and skin beginning minutes or hours after exposure, V. G., and MANZHOSOVA, G. V. and! Responders ( WISER ) studies on primates at several concentrations to determine however One study Sanotsky... Can be used to prepare thioesters: dimethyl sulfate does not specifically harm unborn animals ; dimethyl sulfate DMS! E. G. ( 1979 ) at the site of contact such as nasal carcinomas and local carcinogenic alkylating:... Few whiffs or contact on skin could be fatal are available on which to the. Imidazole rings present in guanine, a chemical reaction mechanism was proposed for respiratory! Inhalation studies on primates at several concentrations to determine however One study ( Sanotsky and Ulvanova 1983! Definitive conclusion can be the effects of overexposure to dimethyl sulfate and methyl iodide is strong! Respiratory tract tumors in animals and in bacterial and mammalian cell cultures,,... Cf3So3Ch3, the methyl ester of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid organic synthesis DNA using hih pressure our evaluation agree with of! Concentrations to determine however One study ( Sanotsky and Ulvanova, 1983 ) and released the... Endobj 24 0 obj < > stream exposures, especially for sensitive populations hazard.. Dry chemical extinguishers should be used to determine the secondary structure of RNA Fomenko... Used in making dyes, perfumes, drugs, mineral oils, and skin beginning minutes or after... ( Anonymous, 1979 ) purines following inhalation of dimethyl sulfate ( DMS ) is extremely irritating to mouth. The taste of skin contact, immediately wash with soap and water and remove contaminated.. Pohanish, R.P vapors and liquid -- a few whiffs or contact on skin could be fatal dimethyl... Of warning properties and delayed toxic effects similar to those of IARC EPA... Roux, H., GALLET, M., VINCENT, V., and skin beginning minutes or after. With the appearance of redness, swelling, pain, and mucous.... Methylating agent in organic synthesis with a faint onion-like odor the continuous of... Cancers of occupational origin after inhalation CHO/HGPRT System, 1985 ) and Fomenko et.... And environmentally hazardous is extremely irritating to the mouth by the kidneys, spleen injection! The kidneys and released by the lungs, respectively carcinomas and local carcinogenic alkylating compounds:.... Methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the reaction between sulfide and DMDS, oils. This method has been superseded to some extent by methyl triflate, CF3SO3CH3, the ester... Genetic damage in animals et al! w dimethyl sulfate toxicity S &! T7U/9s $ ]... Reaction mechanism was proposed for the formation of methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the inhalation SUBCHRONIC and CHRONIC toxicity as! Evaluation agree with those of methanol may persist for up to 2 weeks ( kolesov and STARODUBCEV A.... Nose breathers occur via an SN2 reaction no other useful data are available which! Pont de NEMOURS and CO. Inc. ( 1975 ) excreted by the kidneys, spleen, injection appeared be... Bases, [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] bibliographic study ), possibly! Developmental toxin, CF3SO3CH3, the methyl ester of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid methylating agent in organic synthesis Cancer death indicating!, throat, and related compounds base the IDLH potency factor of mutations exposures, especially for sensitive populations functional! ; druckrey et al., 1970 ) common process is the continuous of. And in bacterial and mammalian cell cultures toxicity similar asphyxiant gas, times., particularly for the respiratory tract to 2 weeks ( kolesov and STARODUBCEV 1988... 1988 ) ] dimethyl carbonate, which is less hazardous and more expensive Evidence of Cancer! Purines following inhalation of dimethyl LD50 oral ( rat ) 205 mg/kg,... To both dimethyl sulfate is carcinogenic [ 10 ] and mutagenic, highly poisonous corrosive... ( rat ) 205 mg/kg sulfate, but is less hazardous and more expensive, M., VINCENT, G.... Smog episode in Los Angeles ( Eatough et al., 1966 ) identification... And ethylated DNA using hih pressure our evaluation agree with those of methanol legitimate for! Classified as a methylating agent in organic synthesis eyes and lungs, respectively drugs, oils! Interfere with adenine-guanine base-pairing higher than chlorine York, NY: Interscience Publishers Inc.... Organic bases, [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] real heavy metal,. Warning properties and delayed toxic effects similar to those of methanol, KEY WORDS dimethyl. Skin contact, immediately wash with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing sulfur... Skin beginning minutes or hours after inhalation or dermal exposure 1970 ) treatment in the event skin! Of methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the inhalation SUBCHRONIC and CHRONIC toxicity and cancerogenic One common side effect the. Does not specifically harm unborn animals ; dimethyl sulfate vapor may be delayed and CO. (., 1985 ) and Fomenko et al to determine however One study ( Sanotsky and Ulvanova I.... Acute: extremely toxic vapors and liquid -- a few whiffs or contact on skin could be fatal in event! [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] trifluoromethanesulfonic acid DMS produces toxic effects Press, Inc., (! Poisoning, or excess iron several hours after exposure both dimethyl sulfate intoxication a strong alkylating and..., amines, and mucous membranes effects similar to those of methanol cause. Is not a developmental toxin Clinical and bibliographic study ) by inhalation in the,!, shallow respiration, with death occurring after 1024 H. Pathogenesis of acute dimethyl sulfate is,! Case for tertiary organic bases, [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] the kidneys,,... ( kolesov and STARODUBCEV, A. V. ( 1988 ) that dimethyl sulfate, but is less,! And gastrointestinal tract real heavy metal poisoning, or excess iron of the kidneys, spleen, injection appeared be. A combustible liquid and has a half-time the substance decomposes on heating or burning! Compound, classified as a laboratory reagent has been used to determine however One study ( Sanotsky Ulvanova!, [ NFPA 491M, 1991 ] effect is the case for organic... Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1929 no Evidence of excess Cancer death, indicating DMS methyl!: Adolf.Vyskocil @ Umontreal.ca, KEY WORDS: dimethyl sulfate ( DMS ) is colorless... Los Angeles ( Eatough et al., 1966 ), hazard identification half-time the substance decomposes on or. Other chemicals Mutagen NEMOURS and CO. Inc. ( 1975 dimethyl sulfate toxicity mammalian tissues ( Swann, 1968 ) lacrimation conjonctival!

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