In 1947, the Ministry of Finance introduced 20lei notes and Banca Naional a Romniei introduced 100, 500 and 1,000lei notes. Etymology "Romania" derives from the local name for Romanian ( Romanian: romn ), which in turn derives from Latin romanus, meaning "Roman" or "of Rome ". Below, you'll find Romanian Leu rates and a currency converter. [171] The Iron Guard staged a coup against Antonescu, but he crushed the riot with German support and introduced a military dictatorship in early 1941. [267] Total defence spending in 2007 accounted for 2.05%of total national GDP, or approximately US$2.9billion, with a total of $11billion spent between 2006 and 2011 for modernization and acquisition of new equipment. [443] Other successful players include the European Golden Shoe winners: Dudu Georgescu, Dorin Mateu and Rodion Cmtaru, Nicolae Dobrin,[444] Ilie Balaci,[445] Florea Dumitrache,[446] Mihai Mocanu,[447] Michael Klein,[448] Mircea Rednic,[448] Cornel Dinu,[446] Mircea Lucescu,[449] Costic tefnescu,[450] Li Dumitru,[451] Lajos Stmreanu,[452] tefan Same,[453] Ladislau Blni,[454] Anghel Iordnescu,[455] Miodrag Belodedici,[456] Helmuth Duckadam,[457] Marius Lctu,[448] Victor Piurc[458] and many others, and most recently Gheorghe Popescu,[459] Florin Rducioiu,[460] Dorinel Munteanu,[461] Dan Petrescu,[462] Adrian Mutu,[463] Cristian Chivu,[463] or Cosmin Contra. [301], Since 1867 the official currency has been the Romanian leu ("lion") and following a denomination in 2005. [463] Romania's home ground is the Arena Naional in Bucharest. The largest Genoese colonies in present-day Romania were Calafat (still known as such), Constana (Costanza), Galai (Caladda), Giurgiu (San Giorgio), Licostomo and Vicina (unknown modern location). What feminists can learn from the eastern experience", "Romania's brains rank first in Europe, 10th in the world after Math Olympiad", "Romanian students win four medals, two gold, at the European Girls Mathematical Olympiad", "Romanian students win 32 medals at SEEMOUS International Mathematical Olympiad", "Ritli: Ministry of Health budget for 2012 can provide the assistance at least at the level of previous year", "Our patients vs. theirs: How many hospitals has Romania compared to other EU countries", "Personalul medico-sanitar pe categorii, forme de proprietate, sexe, macroregiuni, regiuni de dezvoltare i judee", ""De profesie: medic n Romnia". The committee's original scope was to work as an advisory body to analyze aspects related to euro adoption. According to the 2021 Romanian census, Romanians made up 89.33%of the population, and the largest ethnic minorities are the Hungarians 6.05%of the population, and the Roma 3.44%of the population. Gic Hagi revine pe banc. obsolete and old Euro-zone currencies are not included in the list. RON USD. ", "Jo Jo Dan le poate calca pe urme lui Leu, Doroftei, Bute si Diaconu saptamana viitoare: "Sunt crescut in Rahova, asta spune tot", "Ghita vs. Verhoeven: Kickboxing's top heavyweights go to war on Twitter", "Adegbuyi: 'I'll show Wilnis why I'm ranked #1 at Heavyweight', "Romanian Results and Medals in the Olympic Games", "40 years after perfect 10, gymnast Nadia Comaneci remains an Olympic icon", "Analysis. Banknotes have switched from special paper to special plastic, while coins switched from aluminum to more common coin alloys (probably partly due to technical limitations of coin-operated vending machines). Travelling to Romania and needs to know the name of the Romanian money unit or just need to know what is the exchange rate for $50 American dollars in Romanian currency? [136] The parliament adopted the first constitution of Romania in the same year. Remittances from Romanian people who work abroad are expected to maintain high levels in the short term. [287] According to The World Bank, GDP per capita in purchasing power parity grew from $13,687 in 2007 to $28,206 in 2018. In 2012, the governor of the National Bank of Romania (BNR) confirmed that Romania would not meet its target to join the Eurozone in 2015. [381] Counties with over .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}23 urban population are Hunedoara, Braov and Constana, while those with less than a third are Dmbovia(30.06%) and Giurgiu and Teleorman. Romanian Ban Coins go from 1 ban, 5, 10, 50 bani. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan", "Permafrost Monitoring and Prediction in Southern Carpathians, Romania", "Meteo Romania | Site-ul Administratiei Nationale de Meteorologie", "Se schimb sistemul de vot. [465] Dinamo Bucureti reached the UEFA Champions League semi-final in 1984 and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup semi-final in 1990. There are six 50 bani commemorative circulating coins made in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015 and 2016. [345], In the early 2010s, the situation for science in Romania was characterised as "rapidly improving" albeit from a low base. [10] In recent years, however, Romania had made step backs regarding the adopting of the euro; the 2020 Convergence Report concluded that Romania does not meet any of the four economic criteria necessary for this process. In 1900, cupronickel 5, 10, and 20 ban coins were introduced, with holed versions following in 1905. [101] The Orthodox Romanian knezes ("chiefs") were excluded from the Union. [81][82] A high-ranking royal official, styled voivode, ruled the Transylvanian counties from the1170s, but the Szkely and Saxon seats (or districts) were not subject to the voivodes' authority. [299] Some companies that have invested in Romania include Coca-Cola, McDonald's, Pizza Hut, Procter & Gamble, Citibank, and IBM. [227], Romania still faces problems related to infrastructure,[228] medical services,[229] education,[230] and corruption. The Carpathian Mountains cross Romania from the north to the southwest and include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of 2,544m (8,346ft).[11]. At the same time, Ceauescu greatly extended the authority of the Securitate secret police and imposed a severe cult of personality, which led to a dramatic decrease in the dictator's popularity and culminated in his overthrow in the violent Romanian Revolution of December 1989 in which thousands were killed or injured. [434], Pork, chicken, and beef are the preferred types of meat, but lamb and fish are also quite popular. lei. To achieve the currency changeover, Romania must undergo at least two years of stability within the limits of the convergence criteria. Reference values from the ECB convergence report of May 2018. 1 RON 0.217557 USD. During this period, Romania's vast natural resources were drained continuously by mixed Soviet-Romanian companies (SovRoms) set up for unilateral exploitative purposes. [63] Centuries later, the Gesta Hungarorum wrote of the invading Magyars' wars against three dukesGlad, Menumorut and the Vlach Geloufor Banat, Criana and Transylvania. The currency symbol of the Romanian money is. In the club competition Romanian teams have won the EHF Champions League a total of three times, Steaua Bucureti won in 1968 as well as 1977 and Dinamo Bucureti won in 1965. The currency code for New Lei is RON, and the currency International trade was therefore considered as part of another economic circuit than domestic trade, and given greater priority. [329][330], In 2014, Romania had 32,500 companies active in the hotel and restaurant industry, with a total turnover of 2.6billion. [216] During 20172018, in response to measures which were perceived to weaken the fight against corruption, some of the biggest protests since 1989 took place in Romania, with over 500,000 people protesting across the country. Live tracking and notifications + flexible delivery and payment options. Settlement in what is now Romania began in the Lower Paleolithic followed by written records attesting the kingdom of Dacia, its conquest, and subsequent Romanization by the Roman Empire during late antiquity. Exchange rates for foreign currencies are often changing and in most cases by the minute. [483], Romania's 306 all-time Summer Olympics medals would rank 12th most among all countries, while its 89 gold medals would be 14th most. Romania's financial market is developing, and experts have noted a trend toward greater efficiency of stock exchange transactions. The leu is a fiat currency, and its conversion factor consists of 5 significant digits. Prime Minister Victor Ponta stated that Eurozone entry is still a fundamental objective for Romania but they cannot enter unprepared, making 2020 a more realistic entry date. [338] Lazr Edeleanu was the first chemist to synthesise amphetamine, and he also invented the procedure of separating valuable petroleum components with selective solvents. [43][44] The Carpians, Goths and other neighbouring tribes made regular raids against Dacia from the210s. In practice, many retailers round totals to the nearest 5 or 10 bani for cash payments, or even whole leu, although (inter)national supermarket chains generally give exact change. * New Leu / Barbados Dollar [323] The popular summer attractions of Mamaia and other Black Sea Resorts attracted 1.3million tourists in 2009. In 1941 and 1942, zinc 2, 5, and 20lei coins were introduced, together with silver 200 and 500lei. -0.38%. [131], The Treaty of Paris put the Danubian Principalities under the collective guardianship of the Great Powers in1856. [126] After a new Russo-Turkish War, the Treaty of Adrianople strengthened the autonomy of the Danubian Principalities in1829, although it also acknowledged the sultan's right to confirm the election of the princes. Reference values from the ECB convergence report of June 2016. Our currency rankings show that the most popular Romanian Leu exchange rate is the RON to USD rate. [1] Economic growth accelerated in the midst of government liberalisations in opening up new sectors to competition and investmentmost notably, energy and telecoms. The core player of this golden generation was Gheorghe Hagi, who was nicknamed "Maradona of the Carpathians". [235]:17 It lies between latitudes 43 and 49 N and longitudes 20 and 30 E. The terrain is distributed roughly equally between mountains, hills, and plains. [367], Romanian is spoken as a first language by 91.55%of the entire population, while Hungarian and Vlax Romani are spoken by 6.28%and 1.20%of the population, respectively. Foreign citizens and stateless persons who live in Romania have access to justice and education in their own language. [85] Also in the 13thcentury, during one of its greatest periods of expansion, the Republic of Genoa started establishing many colonies and commercial and military ports on the Black Sea, in the current territory of Romania. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Iai, Cluj-Napoca, Timioara, Constana, Craiova, Braov, and Galai. Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. [332], Historically, Romanian researchers and inventors have made notable contributions to several fields. [149] The General Congress of Bukovina proclaimed the union of the province with Romania on 28November 1918, and the Grand National Assembly proclaimed the union of Transylvania, Banat, Criana and Maramure with the kingdom on 1December. An alternative instrument for interest rate and exchange rate. On January 28, 1952, another new leu was introduced. The Leu (plural = Lei) is the foreign money of Romania. 25 RON 5.438925 USD. [4], There is no pressure on Romania to adhere to ERM in a certain year, followed by the adoption of the euro two years later. For commercial purposes, get an automated currency feed through the XE Currency Data API. Romania is divided into 41 counties (judee, pronounced judetse) and the municipality of Bucharest. Other minorities include Ukrainians, Germans, Turks, Lipovans, Aromanians, Tatars, and Serbs. These coins gradually lost value with inflation, and a new series was introduced in 1998 with an aluminum-magnesium alloy 500leu and 1,000 and 5,000leu coins in 2000. Both its currency code and its foreign exchange symbol are RON. In the other states, the program is sponsored by Community Federal Savings Bank, to which we're a service provider. [citation needed]. The Romanian currency code is RON. The final issues of the 2,000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, and 1,000,000lei were polymer notes. [395], Romania ranks fifth in the all-time medal count at the International Mathematical Olympiad with 316 total medals, dating back to 1959. In 1932, silver 100lei coins were issued. [175][178], After the Soviet victory in the Battle of Stalingrad in 1943, Iuliu Maniu, a leader of the opposition to Antonescu, entered into secret negotiations with British diplomats who made it clear that Romania had to seek reconciliation with the Soviet Union. The new state, officially named Romania since 1866, gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877. [265] After the 2009 protests in Moldova and the subsequent removal of Communists from power, relations between the two countries have improved considerably. The designs of the 1 leu, 5, 10, 50, and 100lei notes are based on those of the earlier 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, and 1,000,000 leu notes which they replaced. So I am now introducing Cine sunt urmtorii n Top 5", "Miodrag Belodedici: the fugitive libero who conquered Europe twice | Jonathan Wilson", "What happened to Helmuth Duckadam? [365] For example, in 1990, 96,919 Romanians permanently settled abroad. Create a chart for any currency pair in the world to see their currency history. [26] The first permanent settlements developed into "proto-cities",[27] which were larger than 320 hectares (800 acres). These were followed, between 1870 and 1873, by silver 50 bani, 1 and 2lei. Ahead of ERM II entry, Romania would need to conduct monetary adjustments by finalizing the process to bring minimum reserve requirement ratios in line with Eurozone levels. [221], During the 2000s, Romania had one of the highest economic growth rates in Europe and has been referred at times as "the Tiger of Eastern Europe". The Ministry of Finance issued very small-sized notes for 10, 25 and 50 bani in 1917. [103] The Romanians' Orthodox faith remained only tolerated,[103] although they made up more than one-third of the population, according to 17th-century estimations. [145] The country remained neutral when World WarI broke out in1914, but Prime Minister Ion I. C. Brtianu started negotiations with the Entente Powers. The plural of 'leu' is 'lei'. Noted athletes in the history of Romanian sports (clockwise from top left): Early Modern Times and national awakening, Giurescu, "'Alegeri' dup model sovietic", p.17 (citing Berry), 18 (citing Berry and note); Macuc, p.40; Tismneanu, p.113. These rates ranged from 20 to 400 "old lei" for 1 "new" leu. 5,000lei notes were introduced in 1940, followed by 10,000 and 100,000lei in 1945 and 1,000,000 and 5,000,000lei in 1947. For Example: Currency The National Flag of Romania was officially adopted on December 27, 1989. [29] [302] After joining the EU in 2007, Romania plans to adopt the euro in 2029. Again, no advance warning was given before the reform took place. Romania is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, the Council of Europe, BSEC and WTO. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan", "Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackals and Dogs. Romanian Lei. [citation needed], In 2014, Romania's Convergence Report set a target date of 1 January 2019 for euro adoption. [367] The Romanian alphabet contains the same 26letters of the standard Latin alphabet, as well as five additional ones (namely , , , , and ), totaling 31. [410][411] Romanian-born Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986, while Banat Swabian writer Herta Mller received the 2009 Nobel Prize in Literature. In 1952, the Ministry of Finance introduced notes for 1, 3, and 5lei, and the Banca Republicii Populare Romne introduced 10, 25 and 100 leu notes. [160][161] With oil production of 5.8million tons in 1930, Romania ranked sixth in the world. FC Petrolul Ploieti", "EL: Roma and Astra Giurgiu celebrate | Football Italia", "Viitorul confirmed as Romanian champions after row over rules", "Fuziunea Farul Viitorul, anunat oficial! There are no other symbols used to identify the currency. [47] The Romans did not abandon their fortresses along the northern banks of the Lower Danube for decades, and Dobruja (known as Scythia Minor) remained an integral part of the Roman Empire until the early 7thcentury. buy 2.98 new lei, while one euro will buy 3.6 new lei. As such, the size and composition of coins has changed frequently. [215] In November 2015, massive anti-corruption protests which developed in the wake of the Colectiv nightclub fire led to the resignation of Romania's Prime Minister Victor Ponta. [440], Football is the most popular sport in Romania with over 219,000 registered players as of 2018[update]. [101] Transylvania and Maramure, along with the rest of Banat and Criana developed into a new state under Ottoman suzerainty, the Principality of Transylvania. At the country's 2021 census,[3] 73.86%of respondents identified as Orthodox Christians, with 73.42%belonging to the Romanian Orthodox Church. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. [296] The economy is based predominantly on services, which account for 56.2%of the country's total GDP as of 2017, with industry and agriculture accounting for 30%and 4.4%respectively. The posted materials belong to the blog authors. [394], Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iai, Babe-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, University of Bucharest, and West University of Timioara have been included in the QS World University Rankings' top 800. [view] [335] Victor Babe discovered more than 50types of bacteria;[336] biologist Nicolae Paulescu developed an extract of the pancreas and showed that it lowers blood sugar in diabetic dogs, thus being significant in the history of insulin;[337] while Emil Palade received the Nobel Prize for his contributions to cell biology. [331] More than 1.9million foreign tourists visited Romania in 2014, 12%more than in 2013. As of 2020, it is still common to call 100lei "un milion" or one million and 500lei "cinci milioane" or five million. It is partitioned into one hundred bani (singular = ban). [262] In May 2009, Hillary Clinton, US Secretary of State, declared that "Romania is one of the most trustworthy and respectable partners of the USA. (pronunciation: bahnee) 1 leu = 100 bani Foreign currencies may be exchanged at banks or Convergence. The most common causes of death are cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Other denominations include Protestantism(6.22%), Roman Catholicism(3.89%), and Greek Catholicism(0.61%). [235]:29 All taxes and customs dues were to be paid in gold and, owing to the small quantities issued from the Romanian mint, foreign gold coins were current, especially French 20-franc pieces (equal at par to 20lei), Ottoman lira (22.70lei), Russian rubles (20.60lei) and British sovereigns (25.22lei). previous revaluation, different rates were employed for different [29], Greek colonies established on the Black Sea coast in the 7thcenturyBC became important centres of commerce with the local tribes. It is the third-largest Eastern Orthodox Church in the world,[375] and unlike other Orthodox churches, it functions within a Latin culture and uses a Romance liturgical language. This surprise victory was attributed by many analysts to the implication of the Romanian diaspora in the voting process, with almost 50% casting their votes for Klaus Iohannis in the first round, compared to only 16% for Ponta. [151][152] Peace treaties with Austria, Bulgaria and Hungary delineated the new borders in 1919 and 1920, but the Soviet Union did not acknowledge the loss of Bessarabia. [366], The official language is Romanian, a Romance language (the most widely spoken of the Eastern Romance branch), which presents a consistent degree of similarity to Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian, but shares many features equally with the rest of the Western Romance languages, specifically Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Catalan. 26 May The largest of the Balkan countries, Romania has dramatic mountain scenery and a coastline on the Black Sea. [173] The country regained Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, and the Germans placed Transnistria (the territory between the rivers Dniester and Dnieper) under Romanian administration. [106] The Wallachian prince, Michael the Brave, united the three principalities under his rule in May1600. The EU Member States can use the derogation clause to prevent Romania from entering into ERM, and hold on to their monetary policies as a buffer against external shocks. All second leu coins were discontinued and devalued in late 1952. One bottle of beer in a pub in the Old City is about 10 lei and bottle of water is 5 lei. There was also a commemorative 2,000lei note introduced in 1999 celebrating the total solar eclipse that occurred on 11 August 1999. After the 1989Revolution, Romania began a transition towards democracy and a market economy. [153] Romania achieved its greatest territorial extent, expanding from the pre-war 137,000 to 295,000km2 (53,000 to 114,000sqmi). It essentially means the very same point as RON is the New Romanian Leu. [118] The neighboring powers took advantage of the situation: the Habsburg Monarchy annexed the northwestern part of Moldavia, or Bukovina, in 1775, and the Russian Empire seized the eastern half of Moldavia, or Bessarabia, in 1812. The Romanian leu comes in both coins and banknotes. In the aftermath of the war, Bukovina, Bessarabia, Transylvania, and parts of Banat, Criana, and Maramure became part of the Kingdom of Romania. After a trial, Ceauescu and his wife were executed by firing squad at a military base outside Bucharest on December 25, 1989. Reference values from the ECB convergence report of June 2014. Our smart tech means were more efficient which means you get a great rate. [183][184] The Romanian administration in Northern Transylvania was soon restored, and Groza's government carried out an agrarian reform. It had 4/2015 37 44Romanian Oil Industry Decline", "Romania Expects to be Energy Independent Despite Ukraine Crisis", "Contractul pentru unitile 3 i 4 de la centrala nuclear Cernavod se va parafa n mai. [39][40] The Romans pursued an organised colonisation policy, and the provincials enjoyed a long period of peace and prosperity in the 2ndcentury. Uniquely, the 1867 issue used the spelling 1banu rather than 1ban. [45] The Romans could not resist, and Emperor Aurelian ordered the evacuation of the province Dacia Trajana in the 270s. [125] Taking advantage of the Greek War of Independence, a Wallachian lesser nobleman, Tudor Vladimirescu, stirred up a revolt against the Ottomans in January1821, but he was murdered in June by Phanariot Greeks. Sweden and Slovenia were the reference states, with Ireland excluded as an outlier. The Euro is expected to be adopted as the official currency of Romania in 2015. [110] The Habsburgs supported the Catholic clergy and persuaded the Orthodox Romanian prelates to accept the union with the Roman Catholic Church in 1699. [303], In January 2020, Romania's external debt was reported to be US$122billion according to CEIC data. Nickel-clad-steel 100lei followed in 1943, with brass 200, and 500lei issued in 1945. Foreign exchange rates are always changing and in most days minute by minute. [28][29] The CucuteniTrypillia culturethe best known archaeological culture of Old Europeflourished in Muntenia, southeastern Transylvania and northeastern Moldavia in the 3rdmillenniumBC. Also, if Romania enters unprepared into the EU, the benefits will be smaller than the costs. After Romania joined the European Union (EU) in 2007, the country became required to replace the leu with the euro once it meets all four euro convergence criteria, as stated in article 140 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. [378][379], Although 54.0%of the population lived in urban areas in 2011,[380] this percentage has been declining since 1996. Explore the account used by 16 million people to live, work, travel and transfer money worldwide. [citation needed], This inflexibility and the existence of surplus money due to constant economic decline in the 1980s, mixed with the need for more foreign currency and the refusal of the Ceauescu regime to accept inflation as a phenomenon in order to attain convertibility, led to one of the greatest supply side crises in Romanian history, culminating with the introduction of partial food rationing in 1980 and full rationing for all basic foods in 1986/87. [352] In early 2012, Romania launched its first satellite from the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana. [citation needed], In the post-communist period, there has been a switch in the material used for banknotes and coins. [77] Scholars who reject the Daco-Roman continuity theory say that the first Vlach groups left their Balkan homeland for the mountain pastures of the eastern and southern Carpathians in the 11thcentury, establishing the Romanians' presence in the lands to the north of the Lower Danube. By renouncing the two instruments, Romania needs to find a substitute tool: economists usually recommend the flexibility of the labour market, the flexibility of wages and mobility of production factors. [3] Then, in December 2021, Florin Georgescu[ro], the first deputy governor of the BNR, said that the date would be once again delayed to 2029. When referring to the positive impact of the changeover from the national currency to the Euro, 52% of the Romanian respondents think that the common currency had a positive impact on the Eurozone Member States that already use it. [475] Romania reached the Davis Cup finals three times in 1969, 1971 and 1972. [148] After the October Revolution turned Russia from an ally into an enemy, Romania was forced to sign a harsh peace treaty with the Central Powers in May1918,[149] but the collapse of Russia also enabled the union of Bessarabia with Romania. Get the latest 1 Romanian Leu to US Dollar rate for FREE with the original Universal Currency Converter. [41][42] Scholars accepting the Daco-Roman continuity theoryone of the main theories about the origin of the Romanianssay that the cohabitation of the native Dacians and the Roman colonists in Roman Dacia was the first phase of the Romanians' ethnogenesis. .mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0}, Since the Romanian Revolution of 1989, the Romanian educational system has been in a continuous process of reform that has received mixed criticism. 10 RON 2.17557 USD. You'll see it written as '1 leu' or, using lei as plural, '2 lei'. [233], Following the experience of economic instability throughout the 1990s, and the implementation of a free travel agreement with the EU, a great number of Romanians emigrated to Western Europe and North America, with particularly large communities in Italy, Germany, and Spain. [420] At the Berlin International Film Festival, Child's Pose by Clin Peter Netzer won the Golden Bear in 2013. [49][53] The Gepids took possession of the former Dacia province. [citation needed]. Amintiri trzii cu 'Gerd Muller al Romniei' Fanatik.ro", "Kicker: "Nemuritorul" Dorinel Munteanu | Romania Libera", "Middlesbrough seek UEFA Cup cure UEFA.com", "Cum putea Dinamo domina Europa, n viziunea lui Lucescu! According to the Erste Group Bank, Romania would be unable to meet this ambitious target by 2019, not in regard to complying with the four nominal convergence criteria values, but in reaching appropriate levels of real convergence (i.e., raising the GDP per capita from 50% to a level above 60% of the EU average) ahead of euro adoption. [266], The Romanian Armed Forces consist of land, air, and naval forces led by a Commander-in-chief under the supervision of the Ministry of National Defence, and by the president as the Supreme Commander during wartime. The only font we know of that contains all symbols is the Code2000 shareware font by James Kass. [433] Ciorb includes a wide range of sour soups, while mititei, mmlig (similar to polenta), and sarmale are featured commonly in main courses. [202][203] The charges for which they were executed were, among others, genocide by starvation. [291], Industrial output growth reached 6.5%year-on-year in February 2013, the highest in the Europe. [249] In summer, average maximum temperatures in Bucharest rise to 28C (82F), and temperatures over 35C (95F) are fairly common in the lower-lying areas of the country. [340] In recent years, Romania has ranked the lowest or second-lowest in the European Union by research and development spending as a percentage of GDP, standing at roughly 0.5%in 2016 and 2017, substantially below the EU average of just over2%. What Lessons for the Spatial Policy? 108, 101, 105. There are no other symbols used to identify the currency. [7] The most affected was the middle and upper classes, who were later also affected by the nationalization of 1948. [88] The Mongols' Golden Horde emerged as the dominant power of Eastern Europe, but BlaIV of Hungary's land grant to the Knights Hospitallers in Oltenia and Muntenia shows that the local Vlach rulers were subject to the king's authority in1247. The 1984 Summer Olympics was their most successful run, where they won 53 medals in total, 20 of them gold, ultimately placing 2nd to the hosts United States in the medal rankings. After Romania joined the European Union (EU) in 2007, the country became required to replace the leu with the euro once it meets all four euro convergence criteria, as stated in article 140 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. There are a total of 320cities and 2,861communes in Romania. France, Finland, and Greece were the reference states. Exchange rates leu to Euro and Leu to USD. [154][157][158] Although minorities could establish their own schools, Romanian language, history and geography could only be taught in Romanian. It has seen numerous empires come and go from the Roman and Ottoman to the. [322] More than 60%of the foreign visitors in 2007 were from other EU countries. [78], Exposed to nomadic incursions, Transylvania developed into an important border province of the Kingdom of Hungary. One US dollar will buy 2.98 new lei, while one euro will buy 3.6 new lei. After the 1989 revolution, the National Salvation Front (FSN), led by Ion Iliescu, took partial and superficial multi-party democratic and free market measures after seizing power as an ad interim governing body. [7], Before 1878 the silver Russian ruble was valued so highly as to drive the native coins out of circulation. The National Commission will ensure that the public is informed clearly, objectively and in a timely and accurate manner about the adoption of the Euro; g) establishing and monitoring specific elements, respectively the parallel circulation of the national currency and the Euro, as well as the display of prices in the national currency and in Euros; h) drawing up periodic working reports and sending them to the institutions involved. [237] There are almost 10,000km2 (3,900sqmi) (about 5% of the total area) of protected areas in Romania covering 13national parks and three biosphere reserves. [332] According to the country's National Statistics Institute, some 77%came from Europe (particularly from Germany, Italy, and France), 12%from Asia, and less than 7%from North America. The name of the currency means "lion", and is derived from the Dutch thaler (leeuwendaalder "lion thaler/dollar"). [238] The Danube river forms a large part of the border with Serbia and Bulgaria, and flows into the Black Sea, forming the Danube Delta, which is the second-largest and best-preserved delta in Europe, and a biosphere reserve and a biodiversity World Heritage Site. [33][34] He also conquered the Greek colonies in Dobruja and the neighbouring peoples as far as the Middle Danube and the Balkan Mountains between around 55and44 BC. 4.95 0088 Romanian Lei. [283] According to the World Bank, Romania is a high-income economy. In February 2021, the Romanian Prime Minister, Florin Cu, announced that the date for Romanian adoption of the euro would be delayed again to 2027 or 2028. [7], A revaluation ("Great stabilization", marea stabilizare) took place on 15 August 1947, replacing the old leu at a rate of 20,000oldlei = 1stabilizedleu. [107][108] The neighboring powers forced him to abdicate in September, but he became a symbol of the unification of the Romanian lands in the 19thcentury. The modern Romanian state was formed in 1859 through a personal union of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Romanian Leu (RON) The Romanian leu is the currency of Romania. [7], The first step required to prepare for the changeover of the leu to the euro took place at the same time as depreciation of the national currency. World champions include Lucian Bute, Leonard Dorin Doroftei, Adrian Diaconu, and Michael Loewe. [373], Romania is a secular state and has no state religion. In 2011, the Romanian government announced it would work to comply with the first four convergence criteria by 2013, but the economy would need further reforms to successfully change to the euro. Jun/09. [111] The Church Union strengthened the Romanian intellectuals' devotion to their Roman heritage. [citation needed], In the 1990s, after the downfall of communism, inflation ran high due to reform failures, the legalization of owning foreign currency in 1990, reaching rates as high as 300% per year in 1993. [38] Emperor Trajan transformed Banat, Oltenia and the greater part of Transylvania into a new province called Roman Dacia, but Dacian, Germanic and Sarmatian tribes continued to dominate the lands along the Roman frontiers. The first step achieved was between February 2009 and March 2012, when the BNR cut the policy rate by a cumulative 500 basis points, to 5.25%, followed by rapid decreases in the annual inflation rate, which made it possible for the BNR to resume downward adjustment of the policy rate. [citation needed], On 28 January 1952, another new leu was introduced. [261], In December 2005, President Traian Bsescu and United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice signed an agreement that would allow a U.S. military presence at several Romanian facilities primarily in the eastern part of the country. The currency is free-flowing and also isn't pegged to any other currency. Romania experienced rapid economic growth in the early 2000s; its economy is now based predominantly on services. The state is obliged to fund public hospitals and clinics. Romania joined the European Union on 1 January 2007 and it is expected to adopt the . 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The NUTS-3 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) level divisions of the European Union reflect Romania's administrative-territorial structure and correspond to the 41counties plus Bucharest. The Romanian leu is the currency of Romania. [129] After special assemblies convoked in Moldavia and Wallachia urged the unification of the two principalities, the Great Powers did not prevent the election of Alexandru Ioan Cuza as their collective domnitor (or ruling prince) in January 1859. Unlike the [301] The report praised the consistent enforcement of contracts and access to credit in the country, while noting difficulties in access to electricity and dealing with construction permits. Romania is a developed country[13][14][15] and an emerging middle power in international affairs. During World War I, after declaring its neutrality in 1914, Romania fought together with the Allied Powers from 1916. Currency: Romanian Leu RON. These are the average exchange rates of these two currencies for the last 30 and 90 days. [7], On 22 April 1867, a bimetallic currency was adopted, with the leu equal to 5grams of 83.5% silver or 0.29032grams of gold. She is a good sized girl. [250] In winter, the average maximum temperature is below 2C (36F). The Romanian new leu is made up of 100 bani and is often There is no conversion time limit between the currencies. [346] In January 2011, Parliament passed a law that enforces "strict quality control on universities and introduces tough rules for funding evaluation and peer review". However, the 1,000,000 lei banknote was not the highest Romanian denomination ever; a 5,000,000 lei note had been issued in 1947. [76] Cooperation between the Cumans and the Vlachs against the Byzantine Empire is well documented from the end of the 11thcentury. simple 10,000 old lei are replaced by 1 new leu. [101], The Kingdom of Hungary collapsed, and the Ottomans occupied parts of Banat and Criana in 1541. [208][209], The subsequent disintegration of the Front produced several political parties, including most notably the Social Democratic Party (PDSR then PSD) and the Democratic Party (PD and subsequently PDL). The Romanian government announced in December 2009 their official plan to join the Eurozone by 1 January 2015. The exchange rate was pegged at 167.20lei to US$1 on 7 February 1929, US$1 = 135.95 lei on 5 November 1936, US$1 = 204.29lei on 18 May 1940, and US$1 = 187.48lei on 31 March 1941. [418], In cinema, several movies of the Romanian New Wave have achieved international acclaim. [198] It was the only Communist state to maintain diplomatic relations with Israel after 1967's Six-Day War and established diplomatic relations with West Germany the same year. These would last until the 15thcentury. The country is governed on the basis of a multi-party democratic system and the separation of powers between the legislative, executive and judicial branches. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Banca Naional a Romniei - Proiecii BNR", "Banca Naional a Romniei (http://www.bnr.ro)", Euro Exhibition - Opening Speech by Mugur Isrescu, NBR Governor, Numismatic issue - a set of three collector coins dedicated to 140 years since the establishment of military communications, "Romaniam Leu is the least valued currency unit in the world", "Central Bank: Romania 2019 euro membership 'not feasible', "Questions and answers: Convergence report reviews Member States' progress towards joining the euro area", "Florin Cu: Romnia poate intra n spaiul Schengen n acest an. Banks and traditional providers often have extra costs, which they pass to you by marking up the exchange rate. These were first introduced into circulation in 2005 with the fourth revaluation and are all currently valid. Select a currency RON - Romanian Leu Romanian Leu Stats [124][121], The Treaty of Kk Kaynarca authorised the Russian ambassador in Istanbul to defend the autonomy of Moldavia and Wallachia (known as the Danubian Principalities) in 1774. A journey by bus for example is 1,3 lei. Romania Leu: RSD: Serbia Dinar: RUB: Russia Ruble: RWF: Rwanda Franc: SAR: Saudi . [315], There were almost 18.3million connections to the Internet in June 2014. [305] The World Bank estimates the railway network at 22,298 kilometres (13,855mi) of track, the fourth-largest railroad network in Europe. Concerns about Romania's workforce productivity were also cited for the delay. [257], Since December 1989, Romania has pursued a policy of strengthening relations with the West in general, more specifically with the United States and the European Union, albeit with limited relations involving the Russian Federation. At the time of its introduction, 150newlei equalled 1 US dollar. Owning or attempting to buy or sell foreign currency was a criminal offence, punishable with a prison sentence that could go up to ten years (depending on the amount of foreign currency found under one's possession). [259] A movement for unification of Romania and Moldova appeared in the early 1990s after both countries achieved emancipation from communist rule[264] but lost ground in the mid-1990s when a new Moldovan government pursued an agenda towards preserving a Moldovan republic independent of Romania. Business cycles must be synchronized (periods of economic downturn and economic growth to be simultaneous in Romania and in the Eurozone). The Romanian foreign minister, Teodor Melecanu, declared on 28 August 2017 that as the country "meet(s) all formal requirements", Romania "could join the currency union even tomorrow". The Committee's present objective relays an in-depth, comprehensive analysis within the BNR and a strong relationship among board members with the heads of central bank departments, to keep them informed about the aspects related to euro adoption. The appreciation of the leu during 2005 was about 20% against a basket of major currencies. The local money used in Romania is Leu. Romania has been an open economy with free capital flow since September 2006, and with total foreign trade exceeding 75% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Isrescu 2007). "I saved four penalties to win the European Cup but it was my last ever game", "Victor Piurc. Amongst countries who have never hosted the event themselves, they are second in the total number of medals earned. Latvia, Ireland and Portugal were the reference states. Schengen: Romania is currently in the process of joining the Schengen area. [citation needed], Between 1970 and 1989, the official exchange rate was fixed by the government through law.

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