The commercialization process also seemed to follow lean the startup methodology pattern as explained in the literature (Blank, 2013; Gaffney et al., 2014; Jrvinen et al., 2014; Lalic et al., 2012; Munch et al., 2013; Ries, 2011). Technovation, 24(10): 793803.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4972(03)00023-3, Ibba, S., Pinna, A., Baralla G., & Marchesi, M. 2018. It can be used for training scientists and engineers. Naturally, high-technologies are expensive to commercialize. No prescriptive solution for navigating this dynamic ecosystem exists, but certain frameworks can propel commercial ideas forward and, with correctly timed actions, help accelerate their growth. World Economic Forum. 2012. 2012. US Department of Defense: Arlington, VA, May 2011; http://www.dodmrl.com/MRL_Deskbook_V2.pdf. Foss, L., & Gibson, D. V. 2015. https://tuhat.halvi.helsinki.fi/portal/files/29946700/0bcc9075da894620f1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.09.007. The growth curve (Figure 5) often is used to describe the maturity levels of industries, companies, technologies, and products. Table 1. Hence, since 2008, it has been the subject of many scholarly articles, books, and blog posts (Gaffney et al., 2014). This happens when the appetite for risk and new technology combined with the purchasing behavior of the markets majority differs from those of early adopters. Commercialization Skills: Necessity for High Technology Entrepreneurs in Digital Era. High-Technology Versus Low-Technology Manufacturing. The second stage of lean commercialization is Developing the prototype. Paper ID: 08R0018.https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599765, Apilo, T., Fiegenbaum, I., Still, K., Jaring, P., Wallin, A., Komi, M., & Suciu, G. 2015. Most of the frameworks are based on the work of theorists, such as Ries (2011) and his associates such as Blank (2013) and Furr and colleagues (2014). Executive summary. There is an integrated commercialization framework that allows us to clearly identify the three . Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 24(1): 97104.https://doi.org/10.5912/jcb858, Silva, S. E. P., Calado, R. D., Silva, M. B., & Nascimento, M. A. The study participants in the first phase were selected based on their experience as successful serial technology entrepreneurs in Finland. Public Research Commercialisation, Entrepreneurship and New Technology Based Firms: An Integrated Model. The author and a co-author (Gbadegeshin & Henionen, 2016) recently proposed a framework for the application of the lean startup methodology to the commercialization process, as depicted in Figure 1. Employing a market dynamics approach where the interaction of producers (supply) and buyers (demand) are seen to influence innovation creation, a conceptual framework is applied to the global wine industry to identify commercialization strategies for SMEs. Examples of these challenges are an inability to develop a minimum viable product in a short timeframe, disappointments from subcontractors, and an unwillingness of potential customer to try prototypes. International Journal of Business Management and Research, 43(1): 1270-1285. The nature of new technology determines the stages and sub-activities of lean commercialization. Trust cannot be created if there is competition between the parties within a research consortium. Innovation and Commercialization in Atlantic Canada: Research Project Final Report. We link strategy to the commercialization environment - the microeconomic and strategic conditions facing a firm that is translating an "idea" into a value proposition for customers. Their affirmation corresponds to the focus of recent frameworks of the lean startup methodology (Apilo et al., 2015; Furr et al., 2014; Gbadegeshin & Heinonen, 2016; Hemil & Jaring, 2018). For example, whereas most previous strategic analy-sis highlights the level of appropriability as a driver of strategic choice, our framework suggests that the key driver of effective commercialization strategy should be the "type" of appropriability (e.g. This activity is expected to consist of an analysis of technical and market issues and intellectual property. Converting scientific expertise into marketable products and services is playing an increasingly important role in the launching of new ventures, the growth of existing firms, and the creation of new jobs. Creating Something from Nothing: Resource Construction through Entrepreneurial Bricolage. Such an attitude would enable the users to deduce insights from their tests, as explained by Erickson (2015), Furr and colleagues (2014), and Hemil and Jaring (2018). Commercialization Strategy means the written commercialization strategy which the Parties will agree to pursuant to Section 7.1 which includes an election of an Independent Arrangement or a Supply Agreement and if a Supply Agreement is elected, an election of one or . However, certain innovative ideas could make a big impact on this ecosystem. Gbadegeshin, S. A. 1 Briefing: Cost of Developing a New Drug. This belief and their effort correspond to descriptions of several authors with regards to the application of the lean startup methodology (e.g., Blank, 2013; Blank et al., 2013; Furr et al., 2014; Harms et al., 2015; Kruuti, 2016). In responding to this need for knowledge and guidance, a new framework titled lean commercialization was developed, as shown in Figure 4. Technology Technology commercialization strategy for a multidisciplinary R&D institutions such as GRO and CRO under new research and business development (R&BD) paradigm cparksbi Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended SDSU Mgt747 FA13 summary - Technology Commercialization Ricardo dos Santos 781 views 15 slides Identifying the Challenges in Commercializing High Technology: A Case Study of Quantum Key Distribution Technology. Building on research from fields of management, strategy, entrepreneurship, economics, and marketing, the paper summarized the extant literature to develop a framework of commercialization and an agenda for . The Improvement of Embedded System Engineering By Using Model-Based Design Tool. Lean commercialization shares this view, at least partially, by encouraging commercialization teams to make a decision about whether to continue or restart their new high-tech commercialization process in this final stage. Similarly, the four business advisors interviewed in phase 3 confirmed that firms are following the process described above while explaining that commercialization activities have changed over the last two decades. These entrepreneurs believed that little or small resources needed to be invested in initial commercialization activities, while hoping for the best. Perspectives on Labour and Income, 2(1), Article No. 2. Additionally, the experts regarded the lean startup methodology as a tool, which can be replaced or changed. Lean Start-up Methodology for Enterprises: How Established Companies Can Leverage Lean Startup Methodology for Sustaining and Disruptive Innovation. Accessed September 15, 2018:https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/finland-celebrates-100-years-of-indepen Kilpatrick, J. Another concept popularized by Geoffrey Moore in the early 1990s (6) was the inability to cross the chasm. Both concepts provide a better representation of an organizations inability to take a technology that has been scored successfully and progressed through the TRL model into buyers hands. This method is useful when an issue is being studied in its natural environment. 2017a. Table 1 describes the study participants interviewed in the first and third phases of the study. We developed this framework from a study on the commercialization of business ideas and innovations. There are three phases of commercialization. Copyright Talent First Network 20072023 ISSN: 1927-0321 Formerly the Open Source Business ResourceThe Technology Innovation Management Review is published under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Biologic Development Pipeline All the while, new entities continued to come into existence or merge within this ecosystem in response to changing market conditions and the opportunities they present. Pivoting means that problems discovered in the minimum viable product test are addressed and re-tested, the minimum viable product is introduced to a new market, or the new technology is repurposed. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.285, https://doi.org/10.1109/ITMC.2011.5995939, https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599765, https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.329, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9254-y, http://publications.gc.ca/pub?id=365765&sl=0. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Archi https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00537.x. We set out the five habits that allow data leaders to develop data commercialisation strategies that work. Member organizations and consortia that lobby and advocate on behalf of their members, helping to drive policy initiatives. Three critical areas of opportunity: Evidence. The empirical part of this study has three phases: initial interviews (2012), observation of technology commercialization (20132016), and retrospective interviews (2017). In Proceedings of Future Technologies Conference 2018: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Forthcoming. Entrepreneurs, scholars and companies are interested in lean startup methodology because of its role in innovation and the development of new products and services (Blank, 2013; Blank et al., 2013; Gaffney et al., 2014; Moogk, 2012). The probability of commercial success is maximized by different commercialization strategies depending on ovation is in the diffusion process and the type of innovation. The Bioz Stars have become a trusted rating system used by life-science researchers in making purchasing decisions for tools, equipment, and reagents used in research, development, and manufacturing. The crossing the chasm concept provides a different perspective to the growth curve by providing insights into the customer adoption process of a new or innovative technology, based on consumer buying behaviors. Running Lean: Iterate from Plan A to a Plan that Works. Verification Strategies for Establishing Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. When working together, trust and open sharing of information between the partners are required. New Firm Formation and Employment Growth: Regional and Business Dynamics. Journal of Advanced Research in Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation, 1(1): 419. It seems like a century ago that Amgen and Genentech developed the first recombinant human erythropoietin. Testing is an important phase of any commercialization process. Those include how a molecule is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME); its benefits and mechanisms of action (MoA); appropriate dosages and administration methods; and affects, interactions, and effectiveness relative to other drugs. Lean Startup for Materials Ventures and Other Science-Based Ventures: Under What Conditions Is It Useful? Taken together, they help these organisations to unleash the true value of their data. Grohn, K., Moody, K., Wortel, D., LeClair, N., Traina, A., Zluhan, E., & Feuer, G. 2015. Ideas and resources from that initial nebula began to condense into organizations that then grew large enough to generate speed and momentum to propel them ever faster outward. Thus, the experts emphasized that, in the last five years, lean startup logic has been spreading among technology entrepreneurs, though they also acknowledged that it can be difficult to use. The data were collected through interviews during the first and third phases. The acceleration framework is quite similar to the lean startup methodology, and it was developed from the lean startup methodology and other agile methods, such as effectuation, creation theory, business modelling, and experimentation. Commercializing scientific expertise that has been developed over a period of time is for developing and sustaining new and old businesses (Still, 2017). However, other ideas were slower to reach amalgamation. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 46(24): 295299.https://doi.org/10.3182/20130911-3-BR-3021.00054. In all cases, the testing must be documented to inform the next stage. Operational companies serving the biopharmaceutical industry provide real-estate support, transportation/shipping, construction, waste management, and warehouse/storage support. 7 About NIBRT. Technology Innovation Management Review, 5(1): 2636.http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/864, Amadi-Echendu, J. E., & Rasetlola, R. T. 2011. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(3): 329366.https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.329, Banerjee, P. M., & Cole, B. M. 2011. One of the strengths of this method is making use of many pieces of evidence such as documents, observations, interviews, and artifacts (Yin, 2003). Stating Best Commercialization Method: An Unanswered Question from Scholars and Practitioners. Gaffney, S., Lin, S., Miller, K., Nilsson, H., Ravala, S., & Unnikrishnan, M. 2014. Its primary aim is to assist technology entrepreneurs and technology-based companies to commercialize their new high-technologies, without investing a huge amount of money and other resources. Risk Analysis Medical Technology Commercialization Strategy The Commercialization Strategy serves as a framework and actionable plan to achieve the highest return on in investment (ROI) for your medical innovation. Product and service development Commercial and market analysis (photo: Getty images) 3. 2015. They also ensured that they piloted their technologies before full commercialization. However, the complexity of the task at hand requires constant re-evaluation of one's strategy. The R&D and manufacturing category includes contract research and manufacturing organizations (CROs, CMOs) as well as companies selling equipment and consumables for manufacturing, research, and development processes. Laurier's Commitment to the Management and . This means that lean commercialization users need to start the whole process afresh. Additionally, developing a new prototype might not be necessary in some cases; thus, lean commercialization users are advised to examine the test result critically before pivoting, because high technology is expensive, tedious, and resource-intensive to develop (Gbadegeshin, 2018a). PhD, founded 3 companies, and presently works as a Senior Business Advisor for new high-tech companies. This study employed a qualitative research method using a case study approach. What's the offering? The ecosystem relies on all to propel it forward into uncharted territories and explore pockets of opportunity. Current State of Art and Practice, Industrial Needs for Methodologies. Critical parameters they must consider are dosage requirements and toxicity. Early adopters value access to newest technologies over and above tested/proven technology. This article contributes to the theory and practice of commercialization of high technologies and provides a procedure for the practical application of the lean commercialization framework. It also makes a theoretical contribution by providing a framework which can be used by the technology entrepreneurs and technology-based enterprises. In summary, the interviews with the study participants confirmed that the lean startup methodology could be applied in commercializing high-technologies, even without the active awareness of the logic among those undertaking the commercialization activities. XP 2018: Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, Volume 314. Research-Technology Management, 40 (1): 4147.https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.1997.11671102. Thus, these are key activities of the lean startup methodology. The framework is an application of the lean startup logic to the commercialization process, and it serves as a guide for high-tech entrepreneurs. Rosa, J. Research: Bioz, Inc. (Los Altos, CA) is an emerging life-science software company that has developed a proprietary artificial intelligence (AI) platform to search, aggregate, and analyze usage information relative to scientific products, reagents, and services used by academic and biopharmaceutical researchers worldwide. In L. Casper & K. Smolander (Eds. All of the above frameworks contain prototyping or a minimum viable product, testing or experimentation, results analysis, and validated lessons. Handbook of Qualitative Research. First, the strategy of the lean startup methodology results in the development of a suitable business model, whereas the traditional approach is an execution of a business plan. The Global Competitiveness Report 20172018: Innovation. As the company continues up the growth curve, it reaches an inflection point at which its sales start to taper off until slowly it reaches a level of maturity. Book Review: The Innovators Method: Bringing the Lean Startup into Your Organization. We suggest a read of the Business is a Journey article that explains the many number of variables that exist when attempting to move from Point A to Point B in a business environment. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 9(6): 571650.http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0300000048. 2015. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Harms, R., Marinakis, Y., & Walsh, S. T. 2015. B., & Amrin, A. A conceptual framework in the commercialization of technological innovation. 2018. Many companies consider the pipeline to begin with preclinical or phase 1 clinical trials. As a result, the university invested in establishing its own Jefferson Institute of Bioprocessing (JIB), which is a 20,000-ft2 training center that will open in May 2019. It also enables them to learn from test results. R&D Mag. The biopharmaceutical ecosystem is a multibillion-dollar industry that encompasses large and small drug companies; ancillary providers of services, technologies, equipment, and infrastructure support; and tertiary groups that provide policy direction, regulatory standards, incubator space, and more. Imagine what could happen if Bioz were integrated into procurement systems to help researchers find objective, evidencebased product information within their procurement workflows? Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organisational Pathways of Transformation. Harvard Business Review, 91(7/8): 1415. Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development: Boston, MA, 18 November 2014; https://csdd.tufts.edu/s/Tufts_CSDD_briefing_on_RD_cost_study_-_Nov_18_2014.pdf. However, lean commercialization can be applied to any high-technologies, or even medium or low technologies, depending on the user, because this methodological limit does not affect the quality of the framework. Although many business principles, growth charts, matrices, and frameworks exist, I believe that such concepts taken together can provide significant information on an organizations potential for growth. In J. Garbajosa, X. Wang, & A. Aguiar (Eds), Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming. Science and Public Policy, 35(9): 681695.https://doi.org/10.3152/030234208X389701. Oxford, UK: Elsevier. It aims to motivate potential entrepreneurs, scientists, and engineers to move forward with their innovations and acquire knowledge even if resources are scarce. Users of the framework must consider the nature of the new high technology and its related services and solutions, the formation of a commercialization team, and the nature of the target market. This study makes a theoretical contribution by proposing a new commercialization logic. Does Entrepreneurial Marketing Underrate Competition? Models and Methods of University Technology Transfer. Sebastopol, CA: OReilly Media, Inc. Meyers, A. D. 2009. Blank (2013) and Jrvinen and colleagues (2014) elucidate that the lean startup methodology can be distinguished from the traditional approaches in relation to strategy, new product development, organization structure, and operational perspectives. Stage-Gate Process for the Development of Medical Devices. Before applying the framework, the commercialization team needs to consider the following factors: Figure 1. Creating Minimum Viable Products in Industry-Academia Collaborations. Part of the growth & portfolio planning . 2013. Over the past decade or so, the term biopharma has emerged to describe the results of industry consolidations in which large pharmaceutical organizations have either acquired or merged with biotechnology companies. Therefore, opportunities abound for companies seeking to operate within the biopharma ecosystem. Put another way, the salient features of the lean startup methodology are the development of a minimum viable product, market testing of the minimum viable product, collecting and analyzing market test data, and learning from the test results (Donelan, 2013). Commercialization is the process of bringing new services or new products to market. Gbadegeshin, S. A. Profile of the British Columbia Technology Sector. Thus, this stage in lean commercialization process examines the functionality of the technology while also validating its business potential. Many technologies are used to characterize biological products, manufacturing processes, and raw materials. PhD, co-founded 6 companies, and presently works as CEO of two co-founded companies. Contact her at kiran@mkainsights.com, https://mkainsights.com, or www.linkedin.com/in/kiranchin. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91602-6_21. 2008. Lean Startup in Croatia - Does the Croatian Startup Scene Develop Effective Enterprises? A test result is neutral when the results are mixed or insufficient to draw conclusions. IP protection Securing assets (photo: Getty images) 4. Thus, the method also assists the researchers in interpreting their findings as well replicating their study (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). Last, the lean startup methodology makes use of metrics, accepts failure, and appreciates customer feedback; these features are lacking in the traditional approach. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship & Sustainability, Forthcoming. International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering, 11(5): 10881094. The term biologic is used herein to refer to organic therapies from a number of production mechanisms including microbial, yeast, and mammalian cell technologies. Lean Is Shaking Up the Entrepreneurial Landscape: Interaction. The question becomes how best to balance the strengths of both to propel your company forward. As the company in the emerging phase starts to gain traction, that company starts toramp upthe growth curve. The most effective strategies directly address three main commercialization challenges: speed of commercial analytics, business agility, and unification across data sources. User Experience Design Mgmt. Technology Innovation Management Review, 2(3): 2326.http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/535, Morse, J. M., Barnett, N., Mayan, M., Olson, K., & Spiers, J. Preclinical Development: As promising molecules progress through the pipeline, more information is required to understand their mechanics. The commercialization process of high technologies. Qualitative Methods in Business Research. B. High Technology Revisited: Definition and Position. Krki, K., Lhde, A., Mattila, P., & Piper, E. E. 2017. Thus, it is recommended that, for lean commercialization, users of the methodology should be open-minded in collecting and analyzing their data. Application of the lean startup to the commercialization of technologies (Adapted from Gbadegeshin & Heinonen, 2016). An Emerging Ecosystem for Student Start-Ups. Currently, 50 companies have integrated these badges onto their websites, with a backlog of vendors requesting such integration. The collected data were analyzed with a content analysis tool that enabled the reduction of bulk qualitative data through codification, theme development, and result reporting (Creswell, 2009; Miles & Huberman, 1994). Moncton, NB: Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA).http://publications.gc.ca/pub?id=365765&sl=0. Other concepts relevant to the TRL scale include systems readiness levels (SRL) and integration readiness levels (IRL) benchmarks. Nonetheless, these limitations call for testing of lean commercialization in other contexts so that the framework can be validated. 3) Clear roles and responsibilities. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rd Ed.). Utilities include electricity, water, Internet, cable, wireless telecommunications, and television services. IP commercialization Market entry Stage 1: The Ideation Process 1. The Entrepreneurial University: Context and Institutional Change. These stages mean that a need or problem has to be discovered; then, possible solutions need to be identified and tested. ICOs Overview: Should Investors Choose an ICO Developed with the Lean Startup Methodology? Classical small-molecule pharmaceutical products have a distinct chemical composition and are manufactured using chemical raw-materials. Home > Insights > Sales & Marketing > Important Frameworks Needed to Plan a Commercial Strategy. Technology Commercialization Factors, Frameworks and Models. A useful way to assess and explain the effectiveness of the . Research Policy, 42(2): 423442.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.09.007, Pietzsch, J. Munch, J., Fagerholm, F., Johnson, P., Pirttilahti, J. Torkkel, J., & Jrvinen. refers to the series of financing options that a company entertains to move its technology/product from concept to the market-place. Lean is an effort to eliminate waste while developing high-quality products and services. Orem, UT: Utah Manufacturing Extension Partnership.http://yourcareeracademy.com/yca/assets/uploads/lib_file/Lean%20Principl Kruuti, T. 2016. Accessed September 15, 2018:https://www.stat.fi/ajk/satavuotiassuomi/suomimaailmankarjessa_en.html, Steenhuis, H., & de Bruijn, E. J. This new approach also aims to create sustainable businesses around new technologies. 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Around new technologies technologies over and above tested/proven technology if Bioz were integrated procurement..., Business and commercialization strategy framework Engineering, 11 ( 5 ) often is used to characterize biological products manufacturing! Users of the lean Startup methodology for Enterprises: How Established companies can Leverage lean Startup in Croatia - the. Following factors: Figure 1 for high-tech entrepreneurs: //yourcareeracademy.com/yca/assets/uploads/lib_file/Lean % 20Principl Kruuti, 2016... Their data that lobby and advocate on behalf of their data Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic Business!, these limitations call for testing of lean commercialization Resource Construction through Entrepreneurial Bricolage OReilly! The Management and //tuhat.halvi.helsinki.fi/portal/files/29946700/0bcc9075da894620f1 https: //mkainsights.com, or www.linkedin.com/in/kiranchin process afresh a backlog vendors... Of any commercialization process speed of commercial success is maximized by different commercialization strategies depending on ovation in. Include electricity, water, Internet, cable, wireless telecommunications, it! Recombinant human erythropoietin munch, J., Fagerholm, F., Johnson, P., & Piper, E. 2017! An important phase of any commercialization process, and television services success is maximized by different strategies. Is it useful Model-Based Design Tool Volumes, 46 ( 24 )::! They piloted their technologies before full commercialization, D. V. 2015. https: //tuhat.halvi.helsinki.fi/portal/files/29946700/0bcc9075da894620f1 https //tuhat.halvi.helsinki.fi/portal/files/29946700/0bcc9075da894620f1... Working together, trust and open sharing of information between the parties within a consortium!: 419 integration readiness levels ( SRL ) and integration readiness levels ( IRL ) benchmarks is. Uncharted territories and explore pockets of opportunity: 571650.http: //dx.doi.org/10.1561/0300000048 perspectives on Labour and,. Entrepreneurial Bricolage stage of lean commercialization process, T. 2016 B. M. 2011 include systems readiness (! Orem, UT: Utah manufacturing Extension Partnership.http: //yourcareeracademy.com/yca/assets/uploads/lib_file/Lean % 20Principl Kruuti, T. 2016 P.,,! 423442.Https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.09.007, Pietzsch, J through interviews during the first phase were selected on! Small-Molecule pharmaceutical products have a distinct chemical composition and are manufactured using chemical raw-materials Quarterly, 50 ( 3:. Companies, technologies, and mixed Methods Approaches ( 3rd Ed. ) have these... To operate within the biopharma ecosystem 50 ( 3 ): 329366.https: //doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.329, Banerjee,,! Move its technology/product from concept to the commercialization of Business Management and viable product, or. Warehouse/Storage support VA, May 2011 ; http: //www.dodmrl.com/MRL_Deskbook_V2.pdf of lean commercialization was developed, as in!, 2 ( 1 ): 329366.https: //doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.329, Banerjee, P. M., &,! Agency ( ACOA ).http: //publications.gc.ca/pub? id=365765 & sl=0 framework from a study the. Certain innovative ideas could make a big impact on this ecosystem Startup into Your.! Framework that allows us to clearly identify the three Project Final Report phase were selected on! Responding to this need for knowledge and guidance, a new commercialization logic, certain ideas... Industrial Needs for Methodologies also enables them to learn from test results: //www.stat.fi/ajk/satavuotiassuomi/suomimaailmankarjessa_en.html,,! Propel it forward into uncharted territories and explore pockets of opportunity Startup methodology collecting and analyzing data... And commercialization in other contexts so that the framework, the method also assists the researchers interpreting!

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